【Ansible学习】- 常用文件操作模块之file模块

简介

file模块，文件属性模块，主要用于设置已存在文件、符号链接或者目录的属性，或删除文件/符号链接/目录。

模块参数

名称	必选	默认值	可选值	备注
follow	no	no	yes/no	是否遵循目的机器中的文件系统链接
force	no	yes	yes/no	强制执行
group	no			设置文件/目录的所属组
mode	no			设置文件权限，模式实际上是八进制数字（如0644），少了前面的零可能会有意想不到的结果。从版本1.8开始，可以将模式指定为符号模式（例如u+rwx或u=rw,g=r,o=r）
owner	no			设置文件/目录的所属用户
path	yes			目标文件/目录，也可以用dest,name代替
recurse	no	no	yes/no	是否递归设置属性（仅适用于state=directory）
src	no			要链接到的文件路径（仅适用于state=link）
state	no	file	file/link/directory/hard/touch/absent	若果是directory，所有的子目录将被创建（如果它们不存在）；若是file，文件将不会被创建（如果文件不存在）；link表示符号链接；若是absent，目录或文件会被递归删除；touch代表生成一个空文件；hard代表硬链接；
unsafe_writes	no		yes/no	是否以不安全的方式进行，可能导致数据损坏

示例

设置文件权限 - owner\group\mode

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/root/test.sh owner=liuhao group=liuhao mode=0777"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": true, 
    "gid": 1000, 
    "group": "liuhao", 
    "mode": "0777", 
    "owner": "liuhao", 
    "path": "/root/test.sh", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
    "size": 23, 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 1000
}

创建空文件 - state=touch

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/liuhao_testfile state=touch mode=0644"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": true, 
    "dest": "/tmp/liuhao_testfile", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0", 
    "size": 0, 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}

创建目录 - state=directory

目录是递归创建的

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/liuhao/test/2018 state=directory mode=0644"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": true, 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "path": "/tmp/liuhao/test/2018", 
    "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0", 
    "size": 6, 
    "state": "directory", 
    "uid": 0
}

目标文件不存在

state=file时会报错，但是state=absent不会报错，执行状态也不会变化。

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/liuhao/test/2018/1 state=file mode=0644"
172.20.21.121 | FAILED! => {
    "changed": false, 
    "msg": "file (/tmp/liuhao/test/2018/1) is absent, cannot continue", 
    "path": "/tmp/liuhao/test/2018/1", 
    "state": "absent"
}
[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/liuhao/test/2018/1 state=absent mode=0644"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false, 
    "path": "/tmp/liuhao/test/2018/1", 
    "state": "absent"
}

删除文件或者目录 - state=absent

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/liuhao state=absent"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": true, 
    "path": "/tmp/liuhao", 
    "state": "absent"
}

[root@centos7 ~]# ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/liuhao_testfile state=absent"
172.20.21.121 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": true, 
    "path": "/tmp/liuhao_testfile", 
    "state": "absent"
}